How to Become an Editor: Steps to Start Your Editing Career

Ever found yourself mentally correcting a menu’s *“your” instead of “you’re” while waiting for your coffee? Or perhaps you’ve proofread your friend’s social media post without being asked—twice? If so, congratulations: you may be editor material.

Editors are the behind-the-scenes heroes of the publishing world. While authors get the spotlight, editors are the ones making sure that spotlight doesn’t shine on typos, plot holes, or runaway commas. From books and magazines to websites and corporate content, editors are essential gatekeepers of clarity, coherence, and correctness.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for editors was $76,400 in 2023, with demand growing in digital publishing, content marketing, and self-publishing sectors. And with the global book publishing industry valued at over $122 billion, opportunities for editors—especially book editors—are far from drying up.

But how do you actually become an editor? Whether you dream of polishing manuscripts for a bestselling author, proofreading novels at a publishing house, or freelancing from your laptop in pajamas (no judgment), this guide will walk you through every step—skills to learn, paths to take, and pitfalls to dodge.

Let’s edit your career path into something brilliant.

What Does an Editor Do?

Picture this: You’ve just read a gripping chapter in a new novel. The plot is compelling, the characters are rich, and the world-building is immaculate. But wait—what’s this? A “there” where there should be a “their”? A missing comma that makes a sentence sound like it’s been hit by a grammar bus? That’s where editors come in—like literary superheroes, swooping in to save the day (and the prose).

Editors are the unsung guardians of the written word. They ensure that stories, articles, and content are not only free of typos but also polished to perfection. But the role is far from one-size-fits-all. Depending on the project and type of editing, you might find yourself in one of several specialized roles:

• Developmental Editor: You’ll work on structure, pacing, and character development. If you’ve ever read a book and thought, “This part could use more depth,” you’d be the one shaping it.
  
• Line Editor: Here, you’re perfecting the language itself—ensuring that sentences flow smoothly, that word choice is sharp, and that every sentence is punchy and precise.
  
• Copy Editor: You’re the grammar guru, catching everything from punctuation to factual accuracy. Think of it as the final safety net for catching those pesky mistakes before publication.
  
• Proofreader: The final step in the editing process. You’ll catch any last-minute spelling or formatting errors that slipped through the cracks. Find out more about the difference between editing and proofreading. 

And remember, these roles aren’t just for books. Editors are in demand for all types of content: magazine articles, blogs, websites, marketing materials, and even video scripts. Whether you’re making a story shine or ensuring a clean and clear business report, you’ll always be in the business of perfecting the message.

Skills You Need to Become an Editor

So, you’ve decided to embark on the thrilling (and sometimes grueling) path to becoming an editor. But what skills do you need to master to go from someone who spots typos in a text to someone who gets paid to spot them? Let’s break it down:

1. Language Mastery: A love for language is essential. You need to understand grammar, syntax, vocabulary, and style—knowing when to follow rules and when to break them for effect.
   
2. Attention to Detail: Editors need a keen eye for spotting errors, from missing commas to formatting issues. This focus helps elevate a good draft into a polished one.
   
3. Communication & Collaboration: Editing isn’t solo work. You’ll need to give clear, tactful feedback to authors, clients, and writers, balancing mentorship and diplomacy.
   
4. Time Management: Efficiently juggling multiple projects with tight deadlines is key. Staying organized ensures nothing slips through the cracks.
   
5. Technical Skills: Familiarity with style guides, editing tools like Word or Google Docs, and CMS platforms is essential. Bonus points for knowing editing software like Adobe InDesign.
   
6. Subject Knowledge: While not always necessary, understanding the material you’re editing—whether academic research or fantasy novels—can help ensure consistency and depth.
   
7. Adaptability: The editing world evolves, and so should you. Keeping up with new trends and technologies, like ebooks or AI editing tools, is important.

In short, if you’ve got a sharp eye for detail, a love for words, and a knack for making things better (not to mention a thick skin for receiving feedback), you’re on the right track. Now, let’s dive into whether you need formal education or if you can start building your editing career without a degree.

Education & Training: Do You Need a Degree?

So, you’ve got the skills, the passion, and the attention to detail. But do you need a formal degree to break into the world of editing? Well, the short answer is: not necessarily.

Sure, some employers or publishing houses might prefer a degree in English, Journalism, Communications, or a related field. But let’s be honest—editing is as much about experience as it is about education. Here’s a breakdown of your options:

A Formal Degree (The Traditional Route)

Many editors choose to pursue a degree in English, Journalism, or Communications, and for good reason. A formal education can help you:

• Gain a deep understanding of grammar, writing styles, and rhetorical strategies.
  
• Learn to critically analyze different types of content (whether it’s fiction, non-fiction, or academic).
  
• Build a foundation of knowledge in various subjects, which can be especially helpful if you want to specialize in technical or niche content.
  
• Develop professional connections through internships and networking opportunities.

While having a degree might open certain doors, it’s not an absolute requirement to become an editor. But it can be a useful tool to give you a solid start, especially if you’re aiming for in-house roles at larger publishing companies.

Online Courses and Certifications (The Flexible Path)

If you’re not keen on committing to a four-year degree, online courses are a fantastic alternative. You can take specialized classes in editing, proofreading, or even specific areas of publishing:

• Coursera and edX offer editing courses from universities like UC Berkeley and the University of Chicago.
  
• Poynter’s News University provides journalism-specific editing courses.
  
• The Editorial Freelancers Association (EFA) offers a range of workshops, including advanced editing techniques.

A course can give you specific, actionable skills and a certificate to help you stand out in a crowded job market. Plus, you can learn at your own pace without breaking the bank.

Self-Taught Editing (The DIY Approach)

If formal education doesn’t appeal to you, don’t worry—you can absolutely teach yourself to become an editor. Many successful editors started as passionate readers and writers who honed their skills through practice, feedback, and learning from others. Here’s how:

• Read widely and critically: The more you read, the more you internalize proper grammar, structure, and style.
  
• Practice editing: Start with your own writing, then offer to edit friends’ blog posts, short stories, or essays. The more you practice, the better you’ll get.
  
• Seek feedback: Join online communities like the EFA or ACES: The Society for Editing where you can connect with other editors and get feedback on your work.

This approach requires a lot of self-discipline and the willingness to learn on your own, but it can be just as effective—if not more so—than traditional education.

So, Do You Need a Degree?

It’s entirely up to you. A formal degree can open doors and provide a strong foundation, but many editors have found success through self-study, practice, and online courses. At the end of the day, experience and a strong portfolio will speak louder than any diploma on the wall.

So, if a degree isn’t in your cards right now, don’t worry. You’ve got plenty of options to build your editing career on your own terms. 

Gaining Experience: Entry-Level Opportunities

Alright, you’ve got the skills, the knowledge, and the drive. Now it’s time to put those abilities to work! But how do you break into the editing world when you don’t have any professional experience under your belt? The key is to start small, get hands-on, and build your portfolio. Here are some great entry-level opportunities that can help you gain the experience you need to land bigger projects down the road:

1. Internships at Publishing Houses

If you’re aiming for a full-time editorial position at a publishing house, internships are one of the most direct ways to get your foot in the door. Publishing houses, big and small, often offer internships where you can learn the ropes of editing and the publishing process in general. As an intern, you’ll:

• Assist senior editors with proofreading, formatting, and organizing manuscripts.
  
• Gain exposure to the inner workings of a publishing company.
  
• Build a network of industry contacts.
  
• Learn the ins and outs of editing different types of content, from fiction to non-fiction.

While internships are typically unpaid or low-paid, the experience and connections you gain are invaluable. Keep an eye on job boards, company websites, and even LinkedIn for internship opportunities.

2. Freelance Projects

Freelance editing is one of the most flexible—and popular—ways to gain experience. Platforms like Upwork, Reedsy, and Fiverr connect freelancers with clients looking for editing help. While it may be tempting to aim for big projects, don’t overlook the smaller ones—they can be just as valuable for building your portfolio. Here’s what you can do:

• Start with short-term or smaller projects: Focus on blogs, articles, or short stories to hone your skills.
  
• Offer discounted rates or free work for your first few clients in exchange for testimonials and samples.
  
• Focus on a niche: If you’re passionate about a specific genre, like romance or sci-fi, starting with that can help you build a niche reputation early on.
  

Freelancing also lets you control your schedule, work from anywhere, and choose the projects that excite you. It’s a great way to get your foot in the door while maintaining flexibility.

3. Volunteering for Literary Magazines and Blogs

Not ready to dive into paid work just yet? Try volunteering for literary magazines, blogs, or nonprofit organizations. Many smaller publications need volunteers to help with proofreading, copyediting, and formatting. By offering your services for free, you’ll:

• Build a portfolio of real-world editing experience.
  
• Gain exposure to different types of content and writing styles.
  
• Get feedback from experienced editors and writers, which is invaluable for improving your craft.

Look for volunteer opportunities on websites like Idealist.org, VolunteerMatch, or even directly on the websites of local publications. It’s a win-win—you get experience, and they get help!

4. Beta Reading and Critique Groups

Joining a beta reading or critique group is another great way to hone your editing skills while contributing to the writing community. Beta readers are essentially pre-publication reviewers, offering feedback on story structure, character development, pacing, and clarity. While this isn’t traditional editing, it sharpens your critical eye and builds your editorial sense.

Look for groups on platforms like Goodreads, Scribophile, or through local writing groups. It’s a good way to get your hands on full manuscripts and practice providing constructive, detailed feedback.

5. Starting Your Own Blog or Editing Platform

Another option to gain experience is to start your own blog or platform dedicated to editing tips, book reviews, or writing advice. You’ll not only build your own portfolio by editing your own content, but you’ll also:

• Gain a public-facing way to showcase your skills.
  
• Attract clients or collaborators who see you as an expert.
  
• Learn valuable marketing and self-promotion skills to grow your editing business.
  

Running a blog takes time and effort, but it’s an effective way to demonstrate your expertise and commitment to the craft.

6. Taking on Proofreading Jobs

If you’re looking for a more straightforward entry point, consider focusing on proofreading. Proofreaders focus on catching spelling, grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors in a text. While proofreading doesn’t require as much in-depth knowledge of structure or style, it’s still a great way to start earning money and gain practical editing experience. Plus, it’s a great way to build confidence in your editing abilities.

7. Get Feedback and Keep Improving

Regardless of the path you choose, always be open to feedback. Whether it’s from an experienced editor, a client, or a fellow freelancer, constructive criticism is key to growing as an editor. With each project, you’ll gain more insight into your strengths and areas for improvement. Plus, don’t forget to refine your editing process. Over time, you’ll find methods and strategies that work best for you.

How to Become an Editor for Books

Editing books isn’t just about fixing commas and typos – it’s about understanding the entire publishing process, the nuances of different genres, and, of course, helping authors bring their visions to life. Whether you’re dreaming of editing bestsellers, debut novels, or children’s stories, here’s how you can get started:

Understanding the Book Publishing Process

To become a book editor, it’s essential to have a solid understanding of how the publishing world works. This means knowing the different stages a book goes through before it hits the shelves (or screens, in the case of e-books and audiobooks). Here’s a quick rundown:

• Manuscript Submission: Authors send their manuscripts to publishers or agents, who then determine whether they’re worth taking on.
  
• Developmental Editing: This is where the real fun begins! Editors help the author shape the manuscript, improving pacing, plot structure, character development, and overall flow.
  
• Copyediting: Next, editors focus on refining the language—fixing grammar, spelling, punctuation, and improving clarity.
  
• Proofreading: This is the final step where minor errors are caught before the book is sent off for publication.
  
• Publishing & Marketing: Once the manuscript is edited, it’s formatted for different types of publication (e-book, paperback, audiobook) and released to the public.

Gaining Experience with Fiction, Nonfiction, and Children’s Literature

Book editors typically specialize in specific genres. Whether it’s fiction, nonfiction, or children’s literature, each genre has unique needs and challenges. Here’s a breakdown:

• Fiction Editing: Fiction editors focus on elements like character development, dialogue, and narrative structure. They’ll work closely with the author to ensure the book engages the reader from start to finish. If you love stories, this is a rewarding niche.
  
• Nonfiction Editing: Nonfiction editing involves ensuring accuracy, clarity, and logical flow. Whether it’s memoirs, self-help, history, or business books, nonfiction editors need to be thorough fact-checkers while maintaining a clear and engaging tone.
  
• Children’s Literature Editing: Editing for children’s books is an entirely different beast! This requires an understanding of age-appropriate language, tone, and subject matter. A children’s book editor also works closely with illustrators to ensure the story and visuals complement each other.

To get started in these areas, try reading widely in each genre. The more familiar you are with the conventions of each, the better prepared you’ll be to edit books in that genre.

Where to Find Entry-Level Book Editing Jobs

Breaking into book editing can be challenging, but there are a few key places to look for entry-level positions:

• Internships at Publishing Houses: Many publishing houses offer internships where you can gain hands-on editing experience. These positions often involve assisting senior editors with manuscript reviews and may lead to full-time employment.
  
• Freelance Websites: Websites like Upwork and Fiverr are great for landing your first few book editing gigs. Start with smaller projects to build your portfolio, and as you gain experience, you can gradually take on larger projects.
  
• Job Boards: Websites like Publishers Marketplace, Indeed, and LinkedIn often list book editing positions, including entry-level opportunities. Keep an eye out for freelance or contract work if you’re just getting started.

You can also look for work at smaller, independent publishers or self-publishing platforms, where the demand for freelance editors is often higher.

Working with Indie Authors and Self-Publishing Platforms

With the rise of self-publishing, indie authors are more reliant than ever on professional editors to ensure their books are polished and ready for readers. This is a great opportunity for editors to find work and gain experience. Let’s find out more about how to become an editor at a publishing company. Here’s how you can tap into this market:

• Self-Publishing Companies: As self-publishing becomes the preferred choice for many authors in the 21st century, the rise of self-publishing companies is evident. Companies like BookBaby and IngramSpark, along with platforms such as Spines and Amazon KDP, are creating more opportunities for editors than ever before.
  
• Facebook Groups and Writer Communities: Many indie authors seek editing help through online communities and social media. Look for Facebook groups for indie authors or self-published writers where you can offer your editing services.

By working with indie authors, you’ll gain valuable experience and build a reputation for providing high-quality, professional editing services that help authors take their books to the next level.

How to Become an Editor at a Publishing House

If you’d like to work at a traditional publishing house, many editors see it as the ultimate goal. Whether you’re attracted to the prestige of the “Big Five” publishers or the agility of an independent press, the experience of editing at a publishing house can be incredibly rewarding. But before you jump into the process, it’s important to understand the key differences between types of publishing houses, how to climb the editorial ladder, and what hiring managers are looking for. 

Differences Between Independent Publishers and the “Big Five”

The “Big Five” publishers – Penguin Random House, HarperCollins, Macmillan, Hachette, and Simon & Schuster – are industry giants with large editorial teams and a wide array of publishing genres. While they offer stability and the chance to work on big-name books, they also come with a more structured and sometimes rigid environment. Here’s what you need to know:

• Big Five Publishers: These companies have a more traditional, hierarchical structure. Editorial decisions are often made by senior editors, with less direct involvement from entry-level staff. However, these houses offer excellent benefits, strong networking opportunities, and the prestige of working with well-known authors.
  
• Independent Publishers: Smaller, independent publishers tend to be more flexible and open to innovation. They may offer a more collaborative and hands-on environment, where junior editors can gain exposure to the entire editorial process and contribute more actively to shaping a book. 

Tips for Climbing the Editorial Ladder

Climbing the editorial ladder at a publishing house requires a combination of experience, skills, and a bit of persistence. Here’s how to set yourself up for success:

• Start at the Bottom: Most editors begin as Editorial Assistants or Assistant Editors. These positions involve administrative tasks, supporting senior editors, and assisting with research. While the work may not always be glamorous, it provides valuable insight into the publishing process and allows you to build relationships with senior editors.
  
• Be Proactive: Don’t wait for opportunities to land in your lap. Volunteer for extra tasks, ask to sit in on editorial meetings, and seek feedback from your colleagues. Show your enthusiasm and willingness to learn, and your supervisors will take notice.
  
• Develop Specializations: Many successful editors at publishing houses have a niche area of expertise. Whether it’s a specific genre, such as science fiction or memoir, or a particular skill set like developmental editing or market analysis, having a specialization can make you more valuable to the company and set you apart from other editors.
  
• Be Patient, but Persistent: Moving up in the editorial world takes time. As you gain experience and prove your worth, you can gradually work your way up to senior editorial roles. Networking, continuing to develop your editing skills, and taking on more responsibility will help you advance.

What Hiring Managers at Publishing Houses Look For

When applying for an editorial position at a publishing house, you need to stand out in a competitive field. Here’s what hiring managers typically look for:

• Relevant Experience: While entry-level roles may not require years of experience, any experience in publishing—whether it’s internships, freelance editing, or working with indie authors—will strengthen your application. If you’re applying to work for a specific publisher, tailor your resume to highlight relevant experience with their publishing style.
  
• Strong Editing Skills: Of course, your ability to edit with precision is essential. But hiring managers also look for an editor’s instincts—the ability to spot opportunities for improvement in a manuscript, suggest changes to improve pacing or structure, and work with authors to polish their work.
  
• Industry Knowledge: Having a good understanding of current publishing trends, genre conventions, and market needs is a major plus. Editors who can recommend marketable books and understand what readers want have a distinct advantage.
  
• Team-Oriented Mindset: Publishing houses are collaborative environments, and editors often work closely with authors, designers, marketing teams, and other departments. A positive attitude, strong communication skills, and the ability to work well within a team will make you an attractive candidate.

Ready to Make the Leap? Becoming an editor at a publishing house requires a mix of experience, skills, and cultural understanding. Whether you’re aiming for a spot at a major publisher or hoping to find your niche at a self-publishing company, there’s a path for you. 

Tips for Becoming an Editor

Becoming a successful editor doesn’t happen overnight, but there are several steps you can take to set yourself up for success. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to level up your editing career, here are some key tips to help you along the way:

• Read Constantly and Critically: Read widely and analyze texts to improve your understanding of writing styles, sentence structure, and storytelling techniques.
  
• Edit Your Own Writing: Review your own work to spot common mistakes and learn how to improve writing through revisions.
  
• Seek Feedback: Ask for constructive criticism from colleagues, mentors, or authors to identify your strengths and areas for growth.
  
• Build a Portfolio: Document your work with samples that showcase your skills, including books, articles, and before-and-after editing examples.
  
• Stay Updated with Industry Trends: Keep up with publishing news, editing tools, and industry developments to stay relevant and adaptable.
  
• Network: Connect with others in the industry through events, online forums, and social media to create valuable opportunities.
  
• Be Patient and Persistent: Editing takes time to master. Stay persistent and view every project as a step toward achieving your goals.

Unlocking Your Future as an Editor

Becoming an editor is a rewarding and dynamic career path that requires a blend of technical skills, creativity, and dedication. Whether you’re aiming to work for a publishing house, collaborate with self-publishing authors, or specialize in a specific genre, there are countless opportunities in the editing world. The key is to continue learning, gaining experience, and building relationships with other professionals in the field. So, start reading, start editing, and most importantly: start practicing. Your editing career is just a few steps away from becoming a reality.

FAQs – How To Become an Editor?